Most Important Information Sources

Previous Year-based most important types of information sources are explained here. It is also known as a documentary source.

In 1971, C. W. Henson classified the sources into two types published in C. W. Henson Classification.

1. Primary Sources

2. Secondary Sources

In 1982, Denis Grogan classified the documentary source into three types:

1. Primary Sources

2. Secondary Sources

3. Tertiary Sources

Some examples of Sources

1. Primary Sources (Original and Nascent Information)

1. Patents
2. Primary Periodicals
3. Conference Documents
4. Reports
5. Monographs
6. Official Publications
7. Standards
8. Trade Literature
9. Thesis and Dissertations
10. Project Reports
11. Interviews
12. Proceeding of meetings
13. Laboratory Notebook
14. Reprints
15. Letters, Pamphlets
16. Diaries
17. Memoranda
18. Medical Records
19. Artifacts(Coins, Fossils, Furniture etc.)
20. Audio Recordings
21. Internet communication on email (listserver)
22. Photographs
23. Video Recordings
24. Speeches
25. Original Documents (Birth Certificates, Marriage Certificates etc.)
26. Records of Govt. Organisations
27. Auto Biography
28. Anthologies of papers
29. Manuscripts 

2. Secondary Sources (Information collected from primary sources)

1. Indexes
2. Reviews
3. Translations
4. Bibliographies
5. Bibliographical Work
6. List of research in progress
7. Textbooks
8. Bibliographic Database
9. Indexing and Abstracting Periodicals
10. State-of-the-art report
11. Trend Report
12. Technical Digest
13. Biography

14. Reference Sources

- Encyclopedia (General and Subject Encyclopedia)

- Dictionaries (General, Subject, Monolingual, Bilingual and Multilingual Dictionaries)

- Handbooks [deals with established knowledge]

- Manuals

- Databooks and Tables

- Directories

- Almanac [covers current and retrospective information]

- Map

- Atlases

- Globes

- Gazetteers

- Guide Books

- Yearbooks (General, Subject, Regional and National Yearbooks) 

[covers current information]

3. Tertiary Sources (Information compiled and collected from primary and secondary sources)

1. Union Catalogues
2. Bibliography of Bibliographies
3. Guides to Literature
4. Directory of Directories
5. Guide to reference sources
6. Directories (Sometimes)
7. Yearbooks (Sometimes)

Most Important confusing Questions:

1. Documents का सूचना विशेषताओं के आधार पर विभाजन - based on Hanson & Grogan Principle

2. Documents का भौतिक विशेषताओं के आधार पर विभाजन - based on S R Ranganathan Principle

 

Rajasthan Statistical Officer Exam 2023 - Computer 15 MCQs || 25-02-2024

Computer-related important one-liners or MCQs for all basic computer exams, Library Exams etc..

Rajasthan Statistical Officer Exam - Computer 15 MCQs

Date of Exam: 25/02/2024

1. A student wants to add Bookmark to a PowerPoint video. He needs to follow these steps:

1) Click on Insert tab and add bookmark

2) Click on Playback tab and add bookmark

3) Click on View tab and add bookmark

4) Click on Design tab and add bookmark

2. Match the following wrt to MS Word:

                List-1                                                   List-2

    1. Close the Document                                  a. Ctrl + Y

    2. Select all the contents of a document      b. Ctrl + E

    3. Increase the font size by 1 point              c. Ctrl + A

    4. Redo the previous action                          d. Ctrl + J

    5. Align the text to the centre                       e. Ctrl + W

        1    2    3    4    5

(1)    d    a    e    b    c

(2)    e    d    b    a    c

(3)    e    c    d    a    b

(4)    b    c    a    e    d

3. Which indent marker is NOT present on the horizontal ruler in MS Word 2013?

(1) Left Indent aMarker

(2) Right Indent Marker

(3) Hanging Indent Marker

(4) First Line Indent Marker

4. _____ and _______ can be used as wildcard characters within a text string or as part of a search criteria in functions like COUNTIF or SUMIF (in excel).

(1) < and >

(2) ^ and /

(3) - and *

(4) * and ?

5. Final Account subsystem in Accounting Information System (AIS) deals with

(1) Preparation of Budget

(2) Preparation of Payroll

(3) Preparation of Final Accounts

(4) None of these

6. Which of the following statements are correct?

    A. Email IDs are used for communication

    B. Email ID can be created on outlook

    C. You cannot search an email sent by you

    D. The shortcut key for sending the email in Shift + Enter

(1) A, B and C are correct

(2) A and B are correct

(3) B, C and D are correct

(4) All of these

7. Which of the following is a type of independent malicious program that never require any host program?

(1) Trojan Horse

(2) Worm

(3) Trap door

(4) Virus

8. A digital signature is techniques which validates

(1) Authenticity

(2) Integrity

(3) Non-repudiation

(4) All of these

9. Function library of MS Excel does not include formulas of te following category:

(1) Logical Formula

(2) Date and Time formula

(3) Chemical Formula

(4) Financial Formula

10. Which of the following is/are modes of digital payment?

(1) Point of Sale

(2) Smart Card

(3) Internet Banking

(4) All of these

11. RTGS stands for

(1) Real Time Gross Settlement

(2) Real Transaction Gross Search

(3) Real Transaction Gross System

(4) Real Time Gross System

12. Which method is used for connectivity in RajNET?

(1) Satellite LAN

(2) SWAN

(3) LAN

(4) All of these

13. What is RajCAD?

(1) A self service ATM to avail G2C and B2C service

(2) An end-to-end automation system incorporating all the routine workflows and processes

(3) A system to provide e-learning courses and online training to Government Departments

(4) Noe of these

14. e-Bay is an example of which e-commerce model?

(1) B2C

(2) B2B

(3) C2B

(4) C2C

15. UPI stands for -

(1) Uniform Payments Interface

(2) Universal Payments Interactions

(3) Unified Payments Interface

(4) Unified Payments for India

 

Library : Full Forms / Abbreviations

 In this section, we are sharing some important library abbreviations only for LIS which will cover all concerned examinations. 

LIS - Library and Information Science (पुस्तकालय एवं सूचना विज्ञान)

CSIR - Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (1942)

NISCAIR - National Institute of Science, Communication and Information Resources (2002)

CSIR-NIScPR - CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research (From 01-04-2021)

NKRC - National Knowledge Resource Consortium

INSDOC - Indian National Scientific Documentation Centre (1952)

NISCOM - National Institute of Science and Communication (1951)

NKN - National Knowledge Network (2009)

DESIDOC - Defence  Science Documentation Centre (1970)

DRDO - Defence Research and Development Organisation (1958)

SENDOC - Small Enterprises National Documentation Centre (1970)

SIET - Small Industry Extention Training Centre (1970)

NICNET - National Informatics Centre Network (1976)

CALIBNET - Culcutta Library Network (1986)

HELINET - Health Science Library and Information Network (2003)

ENVIS - Environmental Information System (1985)

MHRD - Ministry of Human Resource Development [Now Ministry of Education] (1985)

ERNET - Education and Research Network (1986)

BTIS - Bio-Technology Information System Network (1987)

BIS - Biotechnology Information System (1987)

SIB - Scientific Information Bureau (1958)

INFLIBNET - Information Library Network (1991)

SOUL - Software for University Libraries

PLANNER - Promotion of Library Automation and Networking in North-East Region

DELNET - Developing Library Network (1992)

SIRNET - Science and Industrial Research Network (1989)

ADINET - Ahmedabad Library Network (1994)

MYLIBNET - Mysoore Library Network (1994)

UGC-INFORNET - UGC Information Network (2002/03)

JANET - Joint Academic Network (1984)

RLG-RLIN : Research Library Group-Research Library Information Network (1974)

CURL - Consortium of University Research Libraries (1996)

NISSAT - National Information System for Science and Technology (1977)

BIOSIS - Bio-Science Information Services Biological Abstracts  (1926)

PIS - Patent Information System (1950)

ERIC - Education Resource Information Centre (1966)

INSPEC - Information System for Physics, Electronics and Computing (1967)

INIS - International Nuclear Information System (1970)

IAEA - International Atomic Energy Agency (1957)

WIPO - World Intellectual Property Organisation (1967)

IPR - Intellectual Property Rights 

(Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883) and the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886))

BARC - Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (1967)

AGRIS - International System for Agricultural Science and Technology (1974)

FAO - Food and Agriculture Organisation (1945)

NASSDOC - National Social Science Documentation Centre (1970)

KWOC - Keyword Out of Context

KWIC - Keyword in Context

KWAC - Keyword Alongside/and Context

CCF - Common Communication Format (1984)

CAS - Current Awareness Service (सामयिक अभिज्ञता सेवा)

SDI - Selecting Dissemination of Information (सूचना का चयनात्मक प्रसारण)

APUPA - Alien Penumbra Umbra Penumbra Alien

OPAC - Online Public Access Catalogue

NCLIS - National Commission of Library and Information Science (1970)

LC - Library of Congress (1800)

MEDLARS - Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (1964)

NLM - National Library of Medicine (1836)

ALA - American Library Association (1876)

LA - The Library Association of the United Kingdom (1877)

ASLIB - Association of Special Libraries and Information Bureau (1924)

[Assiciation for Information Management]

IASLIC - Indian Association of Special Library and Information Centre (1955)

IATLIS - Indian Association of Teachers of Library and Information Science (1969)

UGC - University Grants Commission (1953/1956)

FLA - Fellowship of Library Association

DRTC - Documentation Research and Training Centre (1962)

ILA - Indian Library Association (1933)

IALA - Indian Academic Library Association (1996)

IFLA - International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (1927)

IIS - Institute of Information Scientists (1958)

FID - International Federation for Information and Documentation (1895)

IID - International Institute of Documentation

SLA - Special Libraries Association (1909)

CILIP - Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (2002)

RRRLF - Raja Rammohan Roy Library Foundation (1972)

UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (1946)

CLA - Canadian Library Association (1946)

COMLA - Commonwealth Library Association (1972)

NLI - National Library of India (1948)

ASL - Asiatic Society Library (1804)

CPL - Conamora Public Library (1890)

DPL - Delhi Public Library (1951)

DDC - Dewey Decimal Classification (1876)

UDC - Universal Decimal Classification (1905)

AAC - Anglo-American Code (1908)

CC - Colon Classification (1933)

CCC - Classified Catalogue Code (1934)

LCC - Library of Congress Classification (1904)

MARC - Machine Readable Cataloguing (1966)

UNIMARC - Universal Machine Readable Cataloguing

UNISIST - United Nations Information System in Science and Technology

AACR - Anglo-American Cataloguing Rule (1967)

ISDS - International Serial Data System

ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network (1988) 

ISBN -International Standard Book Number (1970)

ISSN - International Standard Serial Number (1971)

ISBD - International Standard Bibliographic Description (1969)

LCCN - Library of Congress Control Number (1898)

BIS - Bureau of Indian Standard

ISI - Indian Standard Institution

ISO - International Standard Organisation

ISA - Indian Science Abstract

NKC - National Knowledge Commission (2005)

SLSH - Seyer's List of Subject Headings (1923)

LCSH - List of Congress List of Subject Headings (1898)

TKDL - Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (2001)

OCLC - Online Computer Library Centre (1967) [Old Name: Ohio College Library Network]

SIS - Society for Information Science (1975/76)

ROAR - Registry of Open Access Repositories (2003)

DOAR - Directory of Open Access Repositories (2008)

SHERPA - Security a Hybrid Environment for Research Preservation and Access (2003)

RDF - Resource Descriptive Framework

ELINOR - Electronic Library Information Online Retrieval

NACLIN - National Annual Convention on Library and Information Network 

(1998/99) - DELNET

CEL - Central Secretariat Library (1949)

FORSA - Forum for Resource Sharing in Astronomy/Astrophysics (1981)

MALA - Madras Library Association (1928)

NSL - National Science Library (1964)

CRL - Centre for Research Library

CRL - Central Reference Library (1955)

USDOD - United State Department of Defence

FDAR - Focus, Data, Action and Response

NIC - National  Informatics Centre

NPAC - National Programme of Acquisition and cataloguing

NPASF - National Prior Art Search Services Facility [NISCAIR]

RDA - Resource Description and Access (2010)

ARIST - Annual Review of Information Science and Technology

CPM - Critical Path Method

ODLIS - Online Directory for LIS

LISA - Library and Information Science Abstract (1969)

COMPASS - Computer-Aided Subject System

ACI - Anteriorising Common Isolates

PCI - Posteriorising Common Isolates

NICCHEM - National Information Centre on Chemistry and Chemical Technology

PPBS - Planning Programming Budgeting System

ZBBS - Zero-Based Budgeting System

POPSI - Postulate Based Permuted Subject Indexing (1979)

PRECIS - Prescribed Context Index System (1971)

CALIBER - Convention on Automation of Libraries in Education and Research 

Institutions

ARPA - American Rescue Plan Act

SRELS - Sharda Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science

NUCSSI - National Union Catalogue of Scientific Serials in India

BSO - Broad System of Ordering

UAP - Universal Availability of Publications

INPADOC - International Patent Documentation Centre

IPindia - Intellectual Property India

BOAI - Budapest Open Access Initiative

OAI - Open Archives Initiatives

ICMR - Indian Council of Medical Research

ICAR - Indian Council of Agricultural Research

WSIS - World Summit on the Information Society

FAST - Faceted Application of Subject Terminology

CRG - Classification Research Group

PREMIS - Preservation Metadata Implementation Strategy

METS - Metadata Encoding Transmission Standard

CDP - Collection Development Policy

UNCITRAL - United Nations Commission on International Trade Law

NML - National Mission on Libraries (2012)

NAPLIS - National Policy on Library and Information Science (1985)

BNB - British National Bibliography (1949)

INB - Indian National Bibliography (1970)

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

FRBR - Functional Requirement for Bibliographic Records (1998) ग्रंथ सूची अभिलेखों के लिए कार्यात्मक आवश्यकताएँ

FRAR - Functional Requirement for Authority Data

FRBRoo - FRBR - object oriented

INDEST - Indian National Digital Library in Engineering Science and Technology (2003)

IPA - Intellectual Publishers Association (1986)

IIB - International Institute of Bibliography (1905)

NDL - National Digital Library

NUC - National Union Catalogue

OJS - Open Journal System

UBC - Universal Bibliographic Control

ICWA - Indian Council of World Affairs

ALIS - Annals of Library and Information Studies (1964)

IIPA - International Intellectual Property Alliance (1984)

DFI - Daisy Forum of India

WLIC - World Library of Information Congress

NIEPVD - National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Visual Disabilities

LOCKSS - Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (1999)

[The first initiative to preserve digital scholarly journal content, launched by Stanford University Libraries in 1999]

GeRDI - Generic Research Data Infrastructure

[A research data management initiative that targets long tail content that stems from research communities belonging to different domain and research practices]

N-LIST - National Library and Information Services Infrastructure for Scholarly Content

RFID - Radio frequency Identification

UDC-MRF - Universal Decimal Classification - Master Reference File

FID/CCC - FID Central Classification Committee

OUCIU - Online Union Catalogue of Indian Universities

CDS/ISIS - Computerized Documentation Service/Integrated Set of Information Systems [It's a software package developed by UNESCO to help with information storage and retrieval systems.]

CIP - Cataloguing in Publication

CODATA - Committee on Data for Science and Technology

OJAS - Open Journal Access System

CONPOLIS - Committee on National Policy on Library and Information System

ASTINFO - Regional Network for the Echange of information and Experiences in Science and Technology in Asia and The Pacific (1984)

APINESS - Asia-Pacific Information Network in Social Sciences

JCCC - J-Gate Custom Content for Consortium

ISKO - The International Society for Knowledge Organisation

WTO - World Trade Organisation

ASK - Anamolous State of Knowledge

CBI - Cumulative Book Index

LRC - Library Research Circle

IMCE - International Meeting of Cataloguing Experts

OPT - Online Public Tagging

ICCP - International Conference of Cataloguing Principles

================================================

NIC-related important Full Forms:

NCCC - CD ROM National Collection Centre, New Delhi

NICB - National Information Centre for Bibliometrics, New Delhi

NICLAI - National Information Centre for Leather and Allied Industries, Chennai

NICRYS - National Information Centre for Crystallography, Chennai

NICFOS - National Information Centre for Food Services, Mysore

NICMAP - National Information Centre for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, Bangalore

NICDROM - National Information Centre for CD ROM, Bangalore

NICDAP - National Information Centre for Drugs and Pharmaceuticals, Lucknow

NICTAS - National Information Centre for Textiles and Allied Subjects, Ahmedabad

NICMAN - National Information Centre for Management, Ahmedabad

NICHEM - National Information Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Pune

NICMAS - National Information Centre for Marine and Aquatic Sciences, Goa

NICAC - National Information Centre for Advanced Ceramics, Kolkatta

================================================

Eleven divisions of ALA (American Library Association):

1. AASL - American Association of School Librarians
2. ALCTS - Association for Library Collections and Technical Services
3. ALSC - Association for Library Services to Children
4. ALTA - Association for Library Trustees and Advocates
5. ACRL - Association of College and Research Libraries
6. ASCLA - Association of Specialized and Cooperative Library Agencies
7. LAMA - Library Administration and Management Association
8. LITA - Library and Information Technology Association
9. PLA - Public Library Association
10. RUSA - Reference and User Services Association
11. YALSA - Young Adult Library Services Association

================================================

Research Related Famous Abbreviations:

• AMRC: Association of Medical Research Charities

• AR: Adverse Reaction (also known as ADR)

• ARDSAC: Administration of Radioactive Substances Advisory Committee

• ASR: Annual Safety Report

• ATMP: Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products

• DOA: Delegation of Authority

• IBC: Institutional Biosafety Committee

• ICF: Informed Consent Form

• ICH: International Council for Harmonization

• IDE: Investigational Device Exemptions

• IEC: Independent Ethics Committee

• IRB: Institutional Review Board

• PI: Principal Investigator

• RA: Research Assistant (post-graduate or doctoral researcher)

• SDA: Social Data Analytics

================================================

For Book reference:

• ed.--------------> edition

• Rev. ed.--------> Revised edition

• 2nd ed.---------> Second edition

• Ed. (Eds.)------> Editor (Editors)

• et al.------------> and others

• n.d.-------------> No date

• No.-------------> number (series)

• p. (pp.)--------> page (pages)

• para.-----------> paragraph

• Pt.--------------> part

• Vol.--------- ---> Volume (not used for journals)

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            Last Updated on 23 August 2024

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Computer Important Windows File Extensions

 Computers related Important Windows File Extensions are: 

<All related extensions always start with DOT like .exe>

.AIFF / .AIF Audio Interchange File Format

.AU     Basic Audio

.AVI     Multimedia Audio/Video

.BAT     PC batch file

.BMP     Windows BitMap

.CLASS or .JAVA         Java files

.CSV         Comma separated, variable length file (Open in Excel)

.CVS         Canvas

.DBF         dbase II, III, IV data

.DIF         Data Interchange format

.DOC or .DOCX         Microsoft Word for Windows/Word97

.EPS         Encapsulated PostScript

.AIFF or .AIF Audio Interchange File Format

.AU     Basic Audio

.AVI     Multimedia Audio/Video

.BAT     PC batch file

.BMP     Windows BitMap

.CLASS or .JAVA         Java files

.CSV     Comma separated, variable length file (Open in Excel)

.CVS     Canvas

.DBF        dbase II, III, IV data

.DIF Data Interchange format

.DOC or .DOCX Microsoft Word for Windows/Word97

.EPS Encapsulated PostScript

.EXE PC Application

.FM3      Filemaker Pro databases (the numbers following represent the version #)

.GIF         Graphics Interchange Format

.HQX         Macintosh BinHex

.HTM or .HTML         Web page source text

.JPG or JPEG     JPEG graphic

.MAC         MacPaint

.MAP         Web page imagemap

.MDB MS Access database

.MID or .MIDI     MIDI sound

.MOV or .QT     QuickTime Audio/Video

.MTB or .MTW     MiniTab

.PDF         Acrobat -Portable document format

.PNG         Portable Network Graphics

.PPT or .PPTX     PowerPoint

.PSD         Adobe PhotoShop

.PSP         PaintShop Pro

.QXD         QuarkXPress

.RA         RealAudio

.RTF         Rich Text Format

.SIT         Stuffit Compressed Archive

.TAR         UNIX TAR Compressed Archive

.TIF         TIFF graphic

.TXT         ASCII text (Mac text does not contain line feeds--use DOS Washer Utility to fix)

.WAV Windows sound

.WK3 Lotus 1-2-3 (the numbers following represent the version #)

.WKS MS Works

WPD or .WP5     WordPerfect (the numbers following represent the version #)

.XLS or .XLSX     Excel spreadsheet

.ZIP                 PC Zip Compressed Archive