Types of Libraries and Library Models

Library Word History:

• Latin = Liber (Book)
• French = Libra (House of Book)
• Primarily used in the Oxford English Dictionary = 1374
• Library Science Word propounded = 1808 (By Martin Schretinger and first used by S R Ranganathan)

In other languages: 

• हिंदी = ग्रंथालय
• उर्दू = किताब घर
• Russian = Bibliotek
• German = Bibliothek
• Spanish = Bibliotheca
• Italian = Biblioteca
• French = Bibliotheque

Other Terminologies:

• Bibliothecar = Say to Librarian
• Incunabulla = Printed books before 1501 
• Bibliopoly = दुर्लभ किताबों की बिक्री
• Bibliophile = पुस्तकों से प्रेम करने वाला

ग्रीस में प्रथम सार्वजनिक पुस्तकालय खुला = ३३० ईसा पूर्व (एथेंस में)

Types of Libraries:

• Academic Libraries:
  1) School -  श्रव्य-द्रश्य सामग्री होनी चाहिए | छात्रों व शिक्षकों की अध्यन आवश्यकता पूर्ती हेतु | छात्रों को विषय याद करवाने (रटाकर) हेतु मात्र |
  2) College -  विकास UGC अनुदान से हुआ है | छात्र व शिक्षकों हेतु अपना ज्ञान बढाने हेतु |
  3) University - विश्विद्यालय का हृदय है| शोध कार्य पर बल देता है| शक्श्निक पुस्तकालयों में शीर्ष पर है 
• Public Libraries - National and State = यह देश का और राज्य का सबसे बड़ा पुस्तकालय होता है और उत्पादित समस्त पुस्तकों को भावी पीढ़ी हेतु संरक्षित और सुरक्षित रखता है|
• Special & Research Libraries - इसमें पुराने विचारों से ज्यादा नवजात विचारों पर बल दिया जाता है | Macro से ज्यादा Micro ग्रंथों पर बल दिया जता है | यह सामान्य से विशिष्ट पाठक पर बल देता है|

Types of Library Models:

• Physical Library: Books and other materials are available in printed form.
• Digital Library: Electronic resources are available, like CDs, DVDs, Magnetic Tapes, Pendrives, etc. Also known as Electronic Library.
• Virtual Library:  A Library without walls, we can access by using Hyper Card (Propounded by Harmon Holerith)
• Hybrid Library: Having both printed and Digital forms of collection.

Important Facts:

• Papyrus - मोटे कागज़ के सामान सामग्री जिसका प्रयोग मिस्र वासी लेखन हेतु करते थे
• भारत में सार्वजनिक पुस्तकालय का वास्तुकार - इयंकी वेंकट रमनय्या
• विकाश शुन्य पुस्तकालय - किसी पुस्तकालय को पुस्तकों की आवश्यकता है फिर भी पुस्तकें न खरीदना|
• प्राचीन काल के पुस्तकालय मठ पुस्तकालयों से प्रभावित थे|
• मोबाइल लाइब्रेरी - एक वाहन जिसे लाइब्रेरी के रूप में उपयोग करने हेतु डिजाईन किया गया है|
• 6th FYP में अकादमिक लाइब्रेरी में लगे शोधार्थियों का शोध में समय बचाने के लिए रिप्रोग्रफी सेवाएं प्रदान करने हेतु प्रदान किया गया |
• विश्व में सर्वप्रथम मोबाइल लाइब्रेरी की शुरुआत USA में हुई और भारत में तमिलनाडु में कनागासाबाई के द्वारा|
• लाइब्रेरी साइंस = आर्ट + साइंस का योग है 
• अप्रमाणिक ग्रन्थ/Apochryphal Book - ऐसे ग्रन्थ जिसके लेखक का नाम मालूम न हो |

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Establishments of Associations, Network, Classification and Catalogue etc.

 Here are some establishments of Associations, Groups, Networks, Bibliographies, Descriptions, etc: 

Acronym / Name	Establishment Year	Founders / Notes
ALA: American Library Association	1876	Melvil Dewey, Justin Winsor, Charles Ammi Cutter, and others.
LA: Library Association (UK)	1877	A group of librarians and scholars.
IIB: International Institute of Bibliography IID: The International Institute for Documentation IFD: The International Federation for Documentation FID: International Federation for Information and Documentation	1895 1931 1938 1988	Paul Otlet and Henri La Fontaine. (Dissolved in 2002)
SLA: Special Libraries Association	1909	John Cotton Dana.
UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation	1945	Member states of the United Nations
ASLIB: Association for Information Management	1924	British Association for the Advancement of Science. (formerly Association of Special Libraries and Information Bureaux)
UGC: University Grants Commission	1956	Maulana Abul Kalam Azad is credited with its formal inauguration
ILA: Indian Library Association	1933	S.R. Ranganathan and others.
CLA: Canadian Library Association	1946	A group of Canadian librarians.
IFLA: International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions	1927	14 European countries and the United States signed a resolution that formally established the organisation
INSDOC: Indian National Scientific Documentation Centre	1952	CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) with technical assistance from UNESCO.
IASLIC: Indian Association of Special Libraries and Information Centres	1955	B.S. Kesavan, J. Saha, and others.
IIS: Institute of Information Scientists	1958	A group of information scientists in the UK.
OCLC: Online Computer Library Centre	1967	Frederick G. Kilgour.
IATLIS: Indian Association of Teachers of Library and Information Science	1969	P.N. Kaula.
COMLA: Commonwealth Library Association	1972	Commonwealth Foundation.
RRRLF: Raja Rammohun Roy Library Foundation	1972	Department of Culture, Government of India.
RLG: Research Libraries Group	1974	Yale, Columbia, Harvard, and New York Public Library.
NICNET: National Informatics Centre Network	1977	National Informatics Centre, Government of India.
JANET: Joint Academic Network	1984	UK academic community.
ERNET: Education and Research Network	1986	Department of Electronics, Government of India.
DELNET: Developing Library Network	1988 (registered as a society in 1992)	NISSAT (DSIR) and India International Centre.
SIRNET: Scientific and Industrial Research Network	1988	CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research).
INFLIBNET: Information and Library Network	1991	University Grants Commission (UGC), India.
CURL: Consortium of University Research Libraries	1992	Group of UK university libraries.
CALIBNET: Calcutta Library Network	1993	NISSAT and various libraries in Calcutta.
ADINET: Ahmedabad Library Network	1994	M.N. Nagaraj, and various libraries in Ahmedabad.
MYLIBNET: Mysore Library Network	1994	University of Mysore and other local libraries.
NISCOM: National Institute of Science Communication	1999	Formed by the merger of Publications and Information Directorate and Indian National Scientific Documentation Centre (under CSIR).
CILIP: Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals	2002	Formed by the merger of the Library Association (LA) and the Institute of Information Scientists (IIS).
UGC-INFONET: UGC – Information Network	2002-2003	University Grants Commission (UGC). (now known as e-ShodhSindhu)
BARC: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre	1954 (AEET); 1967 (BARC)	Homi J. Bhabha. (Initially Atomic Energy Establishment, Trombay - AEET)
IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency	1957	United Nations (in response to Eisenhower's "Atoms for Peace" proposal).
DESIDOC: Defence Scientific Information and Documentation Centre	1958	DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation), Ministry of Defence, Government of India.
WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization	1967	Member states of the UN.
NASSDOC: National Social Science Documentation Centre	1969	ICSSR (Indian Council of Social Science Research).
INIS: International Nuclear Information System	1970	International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).
SENDOC: Small Enterprises National Documentation Centre	1970	NISIET (National Institute of Small Industry Extension Training).
AGRIS: International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology	1975	FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations).
NISSAT: National Information System for Science and Technology	1977	Department of Scientific & Industrial Research (DSIR), Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India.
PIS: Patent Information System	1980	Government of India.
NISCAIR: National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources	2002	Formed by the merger of NISCOM and INSDOC (under CSIR).

POPSI: Postulate-based Permuted Subject Indexing	1980
PRECIS: Preserved Context Index System	1969
CIP: Cataloguing-in-Publication	1971
KWIC: Keyword-in-Context	1958
BNB: British National Bibliography	1950
INB: Indian National Bibliography	1958
PLANNER: Promotion of Library Automation and Networking in North Eastern Region	2003 (an INFLIBNET programme)
CALIBER: Convention on Automation of Libraries in Education and Research Institutions	1994 (an INFLIBNET programme)
INB-CONSORTIUM: Indian National Bibliography Consortium	--
UNISIST: United Nations Information System in Science and Technology	1972
MEDLARS: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System	1964
WTO: World Trade Organisation	1995
LISA: Library and Information Science Abstracts	1969
ASIS&T: Association for Information Science and Technology	Founded in 1937 as the American Documentation Institute (ADI). Name changed to American Society for Information Science (ASIS) in 1968, and then to American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) in 2000. In 2013, the name became Association for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) to reflect its growing international membership.
NUCSSI: National Union Catalogue of Scientific Serials in Indi	1952 (by NISCAIR)
ICSSR: Indian Council of Social Science Research	1969
COMPASS:	1991
NKRC: National Knowledge Resource Consortium	2009
NML: National Medical Library	---
CPM: Critical Path Method	1957 (by DuPont and Remington Rand)
MALIBNET: Madras Library Network	1994
MANLIBNET: Management Libraries Network	1998, and registered as a society in 2000
BONET: Bombay Library Network	1994
PUNENET: Pune Library Network	1992
BIC: Biomedical Information Centre	2006
NLIST: National Library and Information Services Infrastructure for Scholarly Content	2010
BIOSIS: Biosciences Information Service	1926
Medical Library Association	1898
PPBS: Planning, Programming, Budgeting System	1961
CRG: Classification Research Group	1952
LOCKSS: Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe	1998/99
JSTOR: Journal Storage	1995
PORTICO: Digital preservation service	2005
INTERNET: Interconnected Network	1969
WORLDCAT: World's largest network of library content and services	1998
DRTC: Documentation Research and Training Centre	1962
NIC: National Informatics Centre	1976/77
FRAR: Functional Requirements for Authority Records	2004
UBC: Universal Bibliographic Control	1974(By IFLA but dissolved in 2003)
UBCIM: Universal Bibliographic Control International Mark	1986 (By IFLA but dissolved in 2003)
UAP: Universal Availability of Publications	1976 (By IFLA but dissolved in 2003)
PAC: Strategic Programme on Preservation and Conservation	1984
NDL: National Digital Library	2018
SRELS: Sarada Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science	1963
CONPOLIS: Conference on Policy on Library and Information Science	1985
TQM: Total Quality Management	1980’s
LoC: Library of Congress	1800
DARE: Documentation Abstracts for Research and Education	1973
NLM: National Library of Medicine	2014
NSL: National Science Library	1964
APINESS: Asia Pacific Information Network in Social Sciences	1986
IFAP: Information for All Programme	2001 (UNESCO)
UCC: Universal Copyright Convention	1952
MBO: Management by Objectives	1954
6 SIGMA: Six Sigma (a set of techniques and tools for process improvement)	1986
SDI: Selective Dissemination of Information	1958
CAS: Current Awareness Service	1950’s
CBI: Cumulative Book Index	1898
ZBB: Zero-Based Budgeting	1969
ICCP: International Conference on Cataloguing Principles	1961
IMCE: International Meeting of Cataloguing Experts	1969
ENVIS: Environmental Information System	1982
BTIS: Biotechnology Information System	1986-87
NIScPR: National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research	2021
NISTADS: National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies	1973 (By CSIR)
ERIC: Education Resources Information Centre	1964
INSPEC: Information Service in Physics, Electrotechnology, Computers and Control	1967
INPADOC: International Patent Documentation Centre	1972
DMCA: Digital Millennium Copyright Act	1998
VSNL: Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited	1986
NAPLIS: National Policy on Library and Information System	1985
ORCID: Open Researcher and Contributor ID	2012
ISORID: International Information System on Research in Documentation	1973
BOAI: Budapest Open Access Initiative	2002
UDC-MARC: Universal Decimal Classification - Machine Readable Cataloguing	1992
SCOPUS: Abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature	2004
BIBFRAME: Bibliographic Framework	2012
BIS: Bureau of Indian Standards	1987
ISBN: International Standard Book Number	1970
ISSN: International Standard Serial Number	1975
PLA: Public Library Association	1944
UNESCO-PGI: UNESCO's General Information Programme	1977
PERT: Program Evaluation and Review Technique	1958
LRC: Library Resource Centre	----
NKC: National Knowledge Commission	2005
NKN: National Knowledge Network (Established: 2009)	2009/10
ISI: Indian Standards Institution (now Bureau of Indian Standards)	1931
QR CODE: Quick Response Code	1994
ACRL: Association of College and Research Libraries	1940
INFORMATION: No specific "establishment" as it's a concept, but in the context of library science, its organisation and dissemination are key.	1960

Other Important Terminologies related to Library Science:

WIKIPEDEA	2001
GOOGLE	1998
WEB2.0	1999
WEB DEWEY 2.0	2011
GREENSTONE 3.08	2016
KUHALTHAU MODEL	1988
INFORMETRICS	1979
BIBLIOMETRICS	1969
LIBRAMETRY	1948
WEBOMETRICS	1997
FOLKSONOMY	2004
Wall Picture Principle	1962
URUKUND	2019
DrillBit	1 October 2023

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